Known for its privileged natural sources, Brazil has used them for energy generation. Water has been the main source for years and it is still nowadays. Hydroelectric dams constructed in rivers spread all over the country account for 3/4 of the electricity consumed here. This usage puts Brazil as the third largest hydroelectricity producer, after China and Canada.

Besides being an expensive investment, the construction of dams changes the ecosystem and it also depends on the frequency of the rainfall to generate energy. In 2001, the increasing consumption and the lower levels of water obligated the government to implant an energy rationing. The problem showed that the country needed to exploit alternative sources. In Rio de Janeiro, there is the Angra plant that produces nuclear energy. However, it has been in activity since the 80's but nuclear energy accounts only for 4% of Brazil's demands. The third base to generate power - Angra III - is under construction but has had problems with environmental licensees.

The Brazilian government focuses its alternatives sources on wind power and biomass. In 2009, 71 wind power plants in the country were contracted to start delivering energy beginning in July 2012. Those wind power plants are concentrated in the Northeast. There is a possibility to exploit this type of power generation along the coastline of the country.

With the instability of the weather, problems like drought and floods make that countries rush to guarantee energy to supply their production. Biomass has became 27% of the energetic matrix in Brazil. They are known as clean energy because they don't pollute. To produce biomass, sugarcane and eucalyptus are used.

Solar power is another alternative but it depends more on the population and the new buildings to use this new energy. It can be expansive to instal, but it reduces the cost of the energy later. There is a department in the government to encourage the use of those sources, but there aren't any expensive financial reductions to force this change to happen.